VOTE PALM SUGAR AS RAW MATERIALS OF BIOETHANOL INDUSRY

VOTE PALM SUGAR AS RAW MATERIALS OF BIOETHANOL INDUSRY 

By: Dian Kusumanto 

In mid-August 2008 and the author of the Training bioethanol production, which is held by the magazine TRUBUS in Cimanggis Depok. The author met with experts in the field of bioethanol Indonesia, among others: Mr. Arief Yudiarto, Mr. Roy Hendroko, Mr. Ronny Purwadi, Mr. Cecep Sudirman and Mr. Bambang Purnomo. He is all the experts who act as a resource and training the instructors. 

Mr. Arief Yudiarto and Mr. Roy Hendroko recognize that the sugar palm is one of the raw materials for bioethanol the most productive. In catatannya mentioned that the sugar palm, which is processed from niranya bioethanol can produce around 25,000 and 40,000 liters / hectare / year. Meanwhile, other commodities lower. Nipah, Coconut and Lontar taken from niranya potential bioethanolnya between 15,000, 10,000 and 8,000 liters / hectare / year. Ubijalar, Sugarcane, Corn, sweet buckwheat, and the productivity of bioethanol Ubikayu have lower among the 7,800, 6,000 and 4,500 liters / hectare / year. 

Between Sugarcane and palm sugar 

During these raw materials are mostly used for bioethanol is Sugarcane, especially utilizing molases (sugar cane), which is a 'waste' (or more precisely the product side) of sugar cane factory. Sugarcane stem from fresh bioethanol productivity has reached 6,000 liters / hectare / year, while from molasesnya reach 1,000 liters / hectare / year, if dijumlah to about 7,000 liters / hectare / year. 

According to Mr. Bambang Purnomo of 100 kg of fresh sugar cane will produce 85 kg of sugarcane roomie (press twice). From 85 kg roomie is obtained 6.6 liters of bioethanol 95% (v / v). If the 1 hectare sugar cane, which, according to Dr. Sunyoto (from P3GI) Melrose, the potential productivity of Sugarcane in 2007 of 82 tons / hectare, the roomie will be as many as 69,700 kg and will be bioethanol as 82000/100 x 6.6 = 5,412 liters / hectare. So the numbers above 6,000 liters is still quite close to 5,412 liters. 

Now the problem is the same whether the sugar content of between roomie from the Sugarcane and palm sugar. Because that will be converted into bioethanol from the second roomie is the gulanya, the content of gulanya than necessary. However, we can only count on the take, I mean how the content of bioethanol from roomie. 85 kg roomie Sugarcane can produce 6.6 liters of bioethanol 95% (BE 95), means that approximately 7.7%. 

Experience in the South Minahasa roomie palm sugar can mengasilkan went 95 between 6 to 7%, but said that until there is 7.5%. If compared with the roomie Sugarcane almost the same. For example, we take the lowest figure is only 6%. So how many results if we went 95 gardening palm sugar 1 hectare wide in one year? Assumptions, we each day in one of 200 hectares of trees that produce some 100 trees only, with average production roomie 15 liters / day / tree. So the results roomie in one day each hectare is about 1,500 liters / ha / day, it will generate as much as 1,500 liters BE x 6% = 90 liters / day. If calculated a month to 30 days / month x 90 liters / day = 2,700 liters per month, and a year in a 12 x 2700 = 32,400 liters went 95 liters / hectare / year. 

Productivity went from sugar palm garden that reaches 32,400 liters is calculated with the assumption that the results of 15 liters roomie / trees / day. If using a number of production roomie 10 liters of sugar palm / trees / day production figures went into its 21,600-liter / ha / year. Meanwhile, if asumsinya roomie palm sugar production, 20 liters / trees / day, the number went from production of sugar palm plantations 1 hectare in the whole year is 43,200 liters BE / hectare / year. We can count its own count how many roomie production from sugar palm plantations will be processed in case we went into all. From experience, who can later set the numbers of course the production went. 

So went the results among sehektar land sehektar Sugarcane and sugar palm plantation shares between 5412: 32,400 = 1: 5.98, or 1: 6 (compared to one six). So, if we inculcate a new 6-hectare Sugarcane is comparable with 1 hectare garden palm sugar. Or vice versa if we have 1 hectare of sugar palm plantations will produce bioethanol, which is equivalent to inoculate Sugarcane 6 hectares wide. 

Palm sugar and coconut vs. Nypa 

How Nypa with Coconut and also as a source of sweetener that can be processed into bioethanol niranya? Nypa is a plant which is a natural gift at the beach or around the brackish waters. Nypa grows wild in their own right in the left side of the river salty succulent, the meeting between fresh water and sea water. However, the problem is the management of Nypa roomie is the difficulty to reach basic Nypa because of the growth of the wild along the river. To collect roomie from tree to tree level of difficulty is very high, because the bog, Nypa population that meeting, many mosquitoes, many crocodiles, etc.. Roomie production per tree per day is also very small, so the job tapping the nira is very difficult, complex, and less practical. 

If Coconut still useless for many purposes other food, so that although productivity is high enough to ease such as sugar palm collected almost, not a choice to be processed into bioethanol. Sometimes the consideration is often a factor in the market and kemudahannya process. If the market for fresh coconut is good, why take pains to be processed into bioethanol. If the price of materials for Copra oil is good, why must be processed into bioethanol. So it's a way of thinking may be a pragmatic, realistic and economic might. Thus, sugar palm is more superior and more efficient when compared with other sources of materials for bioethanol. 

Processing Technology aspects of bioethanol 

From the aspect of technology prossesing his roomie cultivate palm sugar into bioethanol it the most simple equipment with the most minimum. Roomie even when left alone and will have to be alcohol fermentation, which is referred to as bioethanol. Because of the simplest in North Sulawesi, North Sumatra, etc.. is how to cultivate a culture roomie palm sugar or palm wine Cap Tikus was fined for a bioethanol for the fuel industry and the vegetable. 

In South Minahasa already from the first epoch, the decline down the roomie utilize to manage a sugar palm bioethanol. By the way, as follows, first roomie  palm sugar was tapped for 24 hours, then left for 12-24 hours with bioethanol content is among 6-7%. Then roomie that has been cooked in the fermentation drum and this evaporated ethanol through the Bamboo pipe. From the creeping moisture in this bamboo pipe  bioethanol was obtained between on 18 - 70% concentration.

Turnover income of farmers with bioethanol from sugar palm plantation sehektar 

If the number of production that is used is 32,400 liters / hectare / year, while the price of bioethanol at Rp 8,000, -/liter went, the turnover income of farmers per hectare / year reached Rp 259,200,000, - (two hundred and fifty-nine million rupiah) per ha / year. If the price of bioethanol reached Rp 10,000, -/liter, the turnover income will reach Rp 324 million / ha / year. Of course, this figure is reduced all types of costs that are required from the management of the gardens, management roomie to be bioethanol, etc.. But perhaps the proportion of 30-45% only, so there is still a net result of around 55-70% of the turnover income was. The net result yet obtained only 50% of farmers are still very good. 

Therefore,  the Union sugar palm can not only to forget the rights of the poor, poor, weak nation, and anyone who needs help, the amount is still very much in our country is. Its open GARDEN or PLATATION with palm sugar now, about eight to ten years and then we will be able to share with their rights. We do not need anymore as Raden Said to be holigan, ... because we have found Golden Prospect from Kanjeng Sunan Bonang on our sugar palm GARDEN.
How do you think?